Intake-air management

The fuel is injected into the diesel engine's combustion chamber in a defined mass ratio to the mass of intake air. Since this ratio has a considerable influence on emissions and power output, the air mass must be precisely defined in order to be able to calculate the injected-fuel mass.
Actuators 

The actuators used in diesel-engine intake-air management serve many purposes, including:
measuring the closed-loop control of the EGR rate
limitation of the boost pressure generated by the exhaust gas turbochargers
managing intake air motion in the combustion chamber
Sensors 

Using Bosch sensors, it is possible to monitor driving conditions very precisely. To comply with emissions regulations, it is important that the measurements are precise. Bosch sensors are designed so that pulsation, backflows, temperature gradients, and other influencing factors do not adversely affect the measurements.